For sweet wines, yeast is the best choice. Its a hearty yeast that can ferment in a broad range of temperatures and will inhibit wild yeasts. Amazon Possibly Chuck could use a different must of whole cluster red/black grapes using skins and the stems in the brew for a more tannin heavy ferment. Recommended for most dry white wine styles and fruit musts and will ferment fully leaving very little residual sugar. Good for ethanol and SO2 tolerance. Enroll in the WineMaker Digital Membership plus subscribe to WineMaker magazine. If you are having difficulty fermenting fruit juice because the must is cooler or lacks fatty acids and nutrients, this wine yeast for wine making will come to your rescue. In other words, the yeast need to be happy. The best of both worlds. Alcohol Tolerance: Medium (5 - 10%) Optimum Fermentation Temperature: 68 -73 F (20 - 23 C) Thanks everyone for the info,its appreciated. I have been making wine from fresh must purchased in 6 gallon pails I can not seem to get it as dry as commercial wines. Once you have the acid correct, you can add sugar according to your hydrometer. I have 30 pounds of Maine blueberries and 30 pounds of cherries. Pasteur Blanc has a high alcohol tolerance at 15% ABV and a neutral flavour profile. Producing exceptional clean and neutral fermentation with a very high alcohol tolerance at 18% ABV. So if youre planning to make a large batch of your favorite wine, this is the one to use. How To Make Wine With Red Star Yeast - BlackTailNYC.com Amazon.com: High Alcohol Tolerance Yeast This yeast worked great and was super inexpensive. http://www.eckraus.com/LalvinProfiles.htm, Vintners Harvest Yeast Profile Chart as it applies to a wide variety of wines. Slightly sweet. Freeze it and make apple jack. Will not give structure to a wine, but it excels at focusing the fruit either alone or as part of a blend. Perfect for Riesling and Gewrztraminer. Certain strains have higher tolerances than others so it is important when selecting a wine yeast strain to ensure the level of alcohol in the finished wine doesnt surpass the tolerance of the yeast. The acid test kit will tell you what range you are looking for in the directions. I am sure he has passed away now but that has stuck with me for decades. Each gallon of sugar will contain one package of red-wine yeast, and each gallon of red-wine yeast will contain one package of sugar. Another shopper uses this yeast as his main go-to for mead-making, and it is a stand-out performer. Yeast Strains Chart - WineMakerMag.com If you are a beginner in winemaking, you can purchase the best wine making kits and use this wine yeast for either red or white wines. A more heat- and alcohol-tolerant yeast could transform fermentation and biofuels. Pitch the yeast water into the mixture, and stir well to agitate. Ferments dry, but retains flavor from apples. Randal, I would probably use the Vintners Harvest CY17 yeast for dessert wine. Other wine yeast strains may not ferment to higher alcohol levels but are effective at fermenting down the residual sugars. Lalvin RC212 Burgundy Yeast: Lalvin RC212 is a yeast strain isolated in the Burgundy region ideally suited for red wines with structure, colour and tannins. This particular strain prefers slightly cooler fermentation temperatures starting around 17 20C and is highly suited for the production of white wines such as Chardonnay. Winemaking Yeast Guide - Northeast Winemaking Wine yeast attenuation refers to the ability of wine yeast to ferment the sugars. You are using an out of date browser. If youre looking for a wine yeast for wine making that is good for reds, whites, restarting stuck fermentation, and sparkling wine, look no further! Red Star Premier Blanc Champagne Wine Yeast Wine yeast is packed under sterile conditions, while bread yeast is packaged under food-grade conditions. It is among the fastest, neutral, and most consistent fermentation processes. This is a great yeast for fruit wines for sure. Red Wine Yeast: The Key To Flavor And Aroma - BlackTailNYC.com I've never made apfelwein, so I dunno what that tastes like. WLP565 Saison Ale Yeast (Next Generation) - SoCo Homebrew It can inhibit wild yeasts because it is neutral and only slightly affects the grapes varietal character. Suits dark fruit wines such as blackberry, plum and damson wines and ages well. 75 ($4.15/Ounce) Save more with Subscribe & Save. Red Star Yeast Profile Chart So, it really depends on the type of grape that is . Recommended for non-grape wines such as mead, cider, or other fruit wines, dry whites, port, cabernet, and sparkling wines processed . Ferments as low as 53F; Alcohol tolerance: 14%; Ideal for high quality white wines such as Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, and Riesling. Yeast Strain PIWC SKU Whites Ros Reds Sparkling Wine Late Harvest Restart Stuck Fermentation Sensory Effect or Aromatic Impact ** Temperature Range (C) Fermentation Speed Alcohol Tolerance ***Relative Nitrogen Needs Red Star Montrachet MYT 42411 1 neutral 12-35 slow 15% low Red Star Cote des Blancs EP2 32311 1 EVC 18-30moderate 16%medium BEER WINE SPIRITS CIDER OTHER BEVERAGES Meet Fermentis Come and meet our team at our upcoming events You have no events for this month Latest news Innovation Here are the factors that you need to consider before buying the best wine yeast for wine making: Pick a packet of wine yeast that can tolerate high levels of alcohol. Lalvin 71B: 71B is a yeast strain that is good for rounding out high acid wines. This yeast has extra yeast nutrients to help the fermentation process happen quickly. It has a variety of characteristics in addition to alcohol tolerance, fermentation, activity, and nutritional value. Best Yeast For Ginger Beer - [March 2023 Updated] . Mangrove Jack CR51: CR51 is a wine yeast suitable for light, refreshing and fruity red wines. Turbos, in my opinion have a uniquely crappy flavor profile. It also creates aromas of berries and fruits complemented with, Creates silky texture and smooth mouthfeel, Lalvin D47 is developed from grapes grown in the Ctes-du-Rhne region of France. Allows fruit character to dominate the profile. and there is no such thing as personal consumption according to federal law. Ed Acid reducing strain excellent for fruity white & blush country wines especially where residual sugars are desired. This yeast is responsible for the characteristic flavor and aroma of red wine. thanks for any info. This wine yeast needs a temperature range between 15c and 30c and has an alcohol tolerance of 13%. It tends to slow down a bit quicker than other brands towards the end of fermentation, but it makes up for the time by vigorously fermenting early on. Alcohol Tolerance: 13-15%, but can exceed 16% with a healthy ferment. Each strain of Red Star yeast has a set of characteristics that will make it either more or less ideal for the wine you are making. He feels you can't go wrong with this yeast, but just make sure to give enough headroom and not overfill your airlock. it will just have a strong alcohol taste, add a little flavor by using honey, brown sugar, maple syrup, etc. If you havent decided what type of alcohol you want to make, this yeast is an excellent choice because it will practically work in many different applications. Lalvin K1V-1116 Montpellier Yeast: K1V-V1116 is a wine yeast suited to floral wines and does well in styles such as Chenin Blanc or Sauvignon Blanc. Our shop uses cookies. Emphasizes fruit aromas in barrel fermentations. Bread yeast will produce different flavors in alcoholic fermentation than when it's fermenting the starches in bread dough, possibly unpleasant ones, and it doesn't have the right alcohol tolerance, so your wine likely won't fully ferment, leaving it vulnerable to spoilage. Ferments strongly and has good alcohol tolerance. The Best Yeast For Mead? - Home Brew Answers Well, it depends on how high you go. Kent, actually we do have a yeast chart for the Red Star Yeast. For use in rice-based fermentations. Making Alcohol At Home Using Active Dry Yeast: Exploring The Why stop at 14-18%? No promo code needed. Nice soft fruit character with dry crisp finish. Yeast nutrient is especially recommended with this and with all yeast to minimize hydrogen sulfide problems. If so, do need to adjust any of the other ingredients? there for it is an illegal posses. Recommended for treating stuck fermentations. This yeast is cold tolerant and known to enhance mouthfeel, help with color stability, and ferment with high vigor. yeast selection red star - 101winemaking.com look up the laws on distilling! Some produce wines that are more rich and earthy while others produce wines that are more fresh and crisp. freeze away at your own risk! Will leave a wine with intense color and excellent flavor complexity while preserving tannin content. Leaves 2-3% residual sugar in most meads. A lot of times DFH has a hard time with their 120 IPA. Alcohol tolerance: Temperature range: Lalvin RC212 Burgundy Yeast: Lalvin RC212 is a yeast strain isolated in the Burgundy region ideally suited for red wines with structure, colour and tannins. Because it is larger than packets, it is recommended to keep it refrigerated and use it within six months. Ideal for full bodied red wines. Red Star Distillers has a superior, specially selected Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain of yeast that is well-known for its low lag time and alcohol tolerance. Amazon.com: high alcohol tolerance yeast. Best Yeast for Making Mead | Meadist Skip to main content He uses it to make hard apple cider, apple raisin wine, and some cranberry pomegranate wine. It activated quickly and provided a smooth flavor. Weight. If you want sweetness in your wine, go for a low attenuation yeast. Another shopper said that this stuff is amazing. Choosing a wine yeast for your next wine now means looking through the offerings of 3 or 4 different yeast producers then reading the specifications and descriptions. Sometimes the result can be pitching whatever yeast happens to be on hand. Perhaps the best characteristic of this blend of yeast strains is its ability to release a sufficient amount of polyphenol-reactive polysaccharides in the fermenting must. Another customer said that this yeast is awesome for dark fruity wines. Neither chart lists attenuation properties, is there any info. Be inspired by an annual subscription to WineMaker print magazine. So as you can see there is are differences in wine yeasts. Vintners Harvest Yeast If you do this, the wine yeast is good to use for the next two years. The CellarScience EC-1118 is known for being a strong fermenter that usually doesn't create many problems during winemaking. Read More Here. It was selected for its ability to ferment a traditional heavier-style Burgundian Pinot Noir. This factor is vital since it is responsible for the sweetness of your wine. You can make wines with an extra burst of aroma, especially floral and fruity ones, with the CY17 yeast. We highly recommend the Red Star Premier Blanc Champagne Yeast as it applies to a wide variety of wines. Neutral flavor profile. Youll also enjoy the complex characters with hints of tropical and citrus fruits. PDF Application Suitability Key Temperature range: 64-86 F. Alcohol Tolerance: 14%. It also creates the optimal amount of aromatic expressions that elevate the drink. The best way to store your packets of wine yeast to extend their shelf life is by putting them inside your fridge. After ordering a couple of times online, I decided to make a trip to their store. This yeast strain is sourced from the Burgundy region and was selected by Bureau, interprofessionnel des vins de Bourgogne. Most recipes call for 11-18 pounds for a 5 or 6 gallon batch. Extremely good fermenter. Ideal for light, fruity red wines for early consumption. He used a full package of the wine yeast and a cup of sugar and added it to a 96-ounce bottle of Welch's Concord grape juice. Alcohol Tolerance: 14% Temperature: 59-68 F $11 for 10 packs Lalvin EC-1118 This champagne yeast is a low foaming, vigorous and fast fermenter with a high alcohol and sulfate tolerance. During this process, the yeast is responsible for the consumption of sugar and the production of carbon dioxide and alcohol. Some yeasts can also work well even when there is a lack of nutrients. It is a strong fermenter that is ideal for full-bodied red wines because it can tolerate heat and sulfur oxide. There are different types of yeast for various wines that extend to. Red Star Premier Classique Wine Yeast is an all purpose yeast with a neutral flavor. According to a customer, Red star is a good yeast company for winemaking, and he never had any issues with them. It also forms high glycerol, enhancing sweetness. An old man I worked with made it. It has its own unique flavor profile. Wine yeast can increase your brews alcohol level, making it ideal for winemaking. Red Star Premier Cuvee Wine Yeast - Dry Wine Yeast Recommended for Cabernet, Cider, Dry Whites, Fruits, Meads, Port, and sodas. Temperature range: 59-86 F. Alcohol Tolerance: 13%. Ideal for sweet white/blush and dessert wines from grape and particularly from country fruits and flowers. Can I use 30 pounds instead and make a stronger batch of each kind of wine? If you are interested you can also take a look at the Vintners Harvest wine yeast chart and see if anything there is of interest to you. Ideal for full-bodied, full-flavored dry and sweet white wines. If you are among the people who can't get enough red wine, this is the best wine yeast for wine making for you. How Much Yeast Do I Need For 5 Gallons Of Muscadine? All that said, baker's yeast won't ferment as cleanly as brewer's yeast selected for beer, and likely has more wild microbes in it that yeast packaged for brewing. This yeast has a high alcohol tolerance . A special Red Star selection from a French grape cultivar. However, the process is much more rewarding and makes you appreciate this precious drink even more. Dry red and white wines. For white wine, it increases the fruit aromas. It also forms lesser foam. Gives an enhanced creamy texture. WLP720 Sweet Mead/Wine Yeast: A liquid yeast strain from White Labs that leaves a small amount of residual sweetness.Ferments up to 15% ABV and produces a finished mead with a subtle fruitiness. He had a strong start with his dandelion wine in less than 24 hours. lists 2 versions . He has been helping individuals make better wine and beer for over 25 years. Softening the profile of the wine by metabolizing malic acid by up to 30%. Another shopper said that this yeast works well for most medium to full-bodied red wines. Lalvin Narbonne Wine Yeast, 71B-1122, 5g. Leaves a wine very full bodied with enhanced mouthfeel. $0.95. Slow to moderate fermenter and foam producer. One customer said that this worked great for her instant pot wine. Yeast, pectic enzyme and yeast nutrient will all remain the same. your post is 10 percent. Also known as Prise de Mousse, this yeast is vigorous, fast-fermenting, and a fantastic choice when making reds, whites, cider, and sparkling wines. Red Star Cotes des Blancs Dry Whites: 3 Non-Dry Whites: 4 Blushes: 4 Nouveau: 1 Young Reds: 1 Aged Reds: 1 Champagne: 2 Should I be choosing a different wine yeast? For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. Not only is there the type of wine being made whether it is red, white or rose but also the fermentation environment, tannins, acidity and flavour of the must that will interplay with the yeast. I dont understand your x ratings on the charts. To help you understand different yeast strains and varieties we have compiled a list of wine yeasts from all the large yeast labs and summarised their best uses and characteristics. Mainly suited for medium ABV wines with a neutral palate but still preserving the fruit flavour and aroma qualities. Great notes on the yeast varieties. Michael,I am sorry, we do not have the attenuation information available. It is also ideal for ciders and sparkling wines. and cider. Add the acid blend or lemon juice and yeast nutrient to the blueberry mixture. Mangrove Jack BV7: BV7 is a wine yeast that produces rich, full bodied white wines. Details. If you choose low alcohol-tolerant yeasts, your fermentation might fail, and you wont have any choice but to dispose of your batch. Q & A Red Star Montrachet yeast, is a great strain for full-bodied red and white wines. $1.79 & FREE Shipping on orders over $59& FREE Shipping on orders over $59 OR $7.99 flat rate shipping.. What should I do if my wine fermentation is not bubbling? But ultra speed speed is certainly not the key to good flavour lol. This particular yeast is most often recommended for fruit wines because it is a workhorse and will cope with a wide range of conditions and lack of nutrients. First batch was a fresh strawberry wine then a rhubarb with rhubarb from our garden and most recently a batch of raspberry that is in the secondary as I'm writing this. With this, it is not recommended for fermenting grapes with residual sulfur dust. 0.02 LBS. The wine it produces tends to mature quickly because it doesn't get many phenols from the must. There are 5 different wine yeast strains listed on the Lalvin yeast chart. If you store your wine yeast at room temperature, you can use it for at least a year. Complete Guide To Wine Yeast - Home Brew Answers Encourages the development of fruit flavours and aromas in the Cabernet family. Besides reds, you can also use it to make country wines that feature dark fruits like elderberries, blackberries, and plums. This yeast is an excellent yeast for simple sugar wash fermentations. Well suited for Chardonnay, Merlot, Syrah, Zinfandel and other dry, full bodied wines. Can you use Red Star active dry yeast to make wine? It is known for creating full-bodied white wines such as the likes of Chardonnay. It may not display this or other websites correctly. Discover the range we have developed for you. Use the chart and ratings below to choose the most appropriate Red Star yeast for your wine. Red Star Montrachet Yeast - Midwest Supplies We had a wonderful visit with him and his family. For rice-based fermentations. Choosing A Wine Yeast Strain - WineMakerMag.com Recommended for reds, whites and especially sparkling wines. He suggested getting warm water, putting the package in, and letting it sit for a little bit. Toggle submenu Beer Accessories & Supplies, Standard ground shipping is free for all US orders, 15 Best Wine Yeasts For Wine Making In 2023: Reviews & Buying Guide, Chances of becoming dead if stored improperly. It is characterized by its high quality, reliable performance and superior tolerance for alcohol. Ron, here are two links that will take you to the yeast profile charts: Lalvin Yeast Profile Chart Some people may be familiar with yeast, but they dont know that there are different yeast types according to their purpose. Last Blast of Winter Beer Kit Sale EXTENDED!3 Beer Kits for Just $24.99 Each. Click to shop our fully stocked warehouse! Ideal for red or white wines that mature rapidly with Beaujolais type fruitiness, and for bigger reds requiring aging. Good alcohol tolerance that is useful in producing dry, full-bodied red and white wines. Red Star Premier Cuvee Wine Yeast - Pack of 12 - North Mountain Supply Fresh Yeast. Contributes elegance, especially in barrel-fermented Chardonnays. Premier Cuvee is also known as Prise de Mousse, a French term that means capturing the froth'', which is essentially the effervescence created during the second fermentation. Copyright 2023 Northern Brewer., LLC. I even became a professional brewer for a while. 2023-03-02 11:28:51; Last Blast of Winter Beer Kit Sale 3 Beer Kits for Just $24.99 Each . If you dont have access to it because of the pandemic, you can make your own at home. Each strain of Red Star yeast has a set of characteristics that will make it either more or less ideal for the wine you are making. If you are new to fermentation processes, this product is a good way to start. Known for its versatility and alcohol-tolerance, it is ideal for producing sparkling meads and traditional country wines. Red Star Wine Yeast | Winemaking Yeast and Supplies He suggested getting warm water, putting the package in, and letting it sit for a little bit. and everything else. Its strength and ethanol tolerance can readily ferment musts and fruit juices to achieve dryness. Flocculation is what you call the yeasts ability to turn into a clumped texture, making it easier to separate yeast cells from your wine after fermentation. Neutral, classic yeast, used to produce sparkling wine, cider, dry meads, and dry wines. Regardless of the wine yeast you select, you want to either added sugar according to a recipe being followed, or as you suggested, by targeting a beginning specific gravity reading with a hydrometer. For pear wine, choose a wine yeast with moderate alcohol tolerance, that either ferments clean or adds light fruit flavors. According to one customer, this wine yeast works wonderfully on all his fruit wines, and it is exceptional on mead. Mild fruit profile with balanced depth and complexity. Full bodied profile, silky and smooth on palate with low ester production. Correct too much lactic acid in English Pale Ale. A low foaming, vigorous and fast fermenter good for both reds and whites. Know your wine expectations first before you pick out a wine yeast. Turbo Yeast For Distilling Moonshine or Alcohol Spirits Red Star Wine Yeast Pasteur Blanc Alcohol tolerance: 13-15 percent Temperature range: 59-86 f Country of origin: Belgium Check Latest Price Product Details Red Star Pasteur Champagne (Davis 595), a strain of Saccharomyces Bayanus, has been derived from a pure culture slant of the Institut Pasteur in Paris. Some are used for cooking, baking, and brewing. 5. For sparkling wines, we recommend Red Star Premier Cuve. This yeast will produce hydrogen sulfide gas in the presence of excess sulfur compounds and therefore should not be used to ferment grapes that contain residual sulfur dust. It flocculates cleanly and leaves a reasonably solid trub at the bottom. If you often experience adverse conditions when fermenting, give this yeast a try and see if it solves the problem. It is also tolerant of a wide range of temperatures and must conditions where nutrients may be lacking. Red Star Distiller's Active Dry Yeast - Great Fermentations And yeast feeds on sugar. Good yeast choice for Chardonnay, Merlot, Syrah, and Zinfandel. It is . And as time goes on, she loves it more because she can hit basic wine almost every time at 18-19 ABV. Use the "potential alcohol" scale on the hydrometer. Pasteur Rouge is an ideal strain for Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Zinfandel and will enhance the character of less robust fruit in red wines. Yeast - Wine Reference Charts I have been reading alot but haven't found this info pertaining to cider,just beer. Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Zinfandel - these are among the top red wines enjoyed by many and can be made using this particular yeast. SAVE 25%! Rating scale goes up to 4, with 4 being the most ideal for your wine and 1 being the least ideal. Are all great for high alcohol ciders. It is traditionally used with Chardonnay for a dry finish. One claims 18 percent. Enhancing body, mouthfeel and complexity Mangrove Jack R56 suits old world styles and works in wine styles such as Malbec, Merlot and Nebbiolo. Alcohol Tolerance: 13-15%, but can exceed 16% with a healthy ferment. Wine yeasts alcohol tolerance can reach up to 18%, significantly higher than 8% in bread yeast. Tannin is not to critical. If possible could i get some feedback on which yeasts are best for getting a higher alcohol cider?. The amount of wine yeast strains available to homebrewers is vast and getting bigger all the time. Another shopper stated that this yeast started slow but got the job done. Ideal for crisp, fresh dry white/blush and all sparkling wines. He described his mead as a highly prized Elixir. Other wine yeast strains may not ferment to higher alcohol levels but are effective at fermenting down the residual sugars. An excellent choice for fruity wines. Red Star Wine Yeast Reference Chart *NOTE - Cote des Blancs is suitable only for cuvees (not secondary in-bottle fermentations) 4 = Strongest Recommendation Wyeast Wine Yeast Reference Chart Yeast Strain Chart showing Lalvin, Red Star, Vintner's Harvest, White Labs, and Wyeast Produces distinctive intense berry, graham cracker nose. If you are a fan of whites and would love to make your signature wine, this is the best wine yeast you could get. Choosing wine yeast is part of the art of wine making. Weve compiled a list of the best wine yeasts for wine making to help you out. Despite the name, this yeast SHOULD NOT be used in sparkling wines. There are different types of yeast for various wines that extend to mead and cider. Yeast Strains Chart - Got Mead? The Largest Mead Resource on the Web I hope you find what you are looking for here! If you are wondering if you could use baking yeast as an alternative for wine yeast, the answer is np. Your fermentation temperature should be between 68 - 86F for reds and 59F or below for whites. Alcohol tolerance: Some strains can tolerate alcohol levels up to 14% or 15% alc./vol. Enhances fruity and bold character from fruit and floral ingredients and is also good for rose or blush wines. A vigorous and competitive fermenter that, because of its neutral effect on varietal character, is very well suited to fruit wines as well as wines to be made from grapes. I have been using lavlin RC-212 for reds. Red Star Pasteur Blanc has a neutral flavor profile that is recommended for dry wines. Yeast Selection for Cider - Brew Your Own This yeast has good tolerance to ethanol and free sulfur dioxide, and ferments to dryness. Very high alcohol tolerance. Despite the name, this yeast SHOULD NOT be used in sparkling wines. You could barely taste the alcohol. Creates green almond, granny smith, and nougat characteristics found in Sherry. http://www.eckraus.com/RedStarProfiles.htm. . He was super country. If you want HIGH alcohol content its turbo yeast. 2023 Adventures in HomebrewingWebsite designed by Valtira. Brewing With Extract, Grains, Hops and Yeast, ABV Calculator Alcohol By Volume, Attenuation & Calories, Hydrometer Temperature Correction Calculator, https://homebrewanswers.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Wine-Yeast.jpg, https://homebrewanswers.com/shop/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/home-brew-answers.png. Where To Buy Wine Yeast - YeastAdvice.com Fermenting with DADY instead of turbo - Home Distiller Red Star Premier Cuvee: Premier Cuvee also known as Prise de Mousse is one of the fastest fermenters from red star. It has about a 10 to 12% alcohol tolerance. Begins fermentation quickly and is reliable at cooler fermentation temperatures. Making wine with yeast is more labor-intensive than simply grabbing a bottle from the nearest store. 54-95 F (12-35 C) 15%. Thanks for taking the time to post. This is also excellent for fermenting in oak barrels. It worked better than all the other yeast he has tried. Rating scale goes up to 4, with 4 being the most ideal for your wine and 1 being the least ideal. What would the difference in flavor would Champagne yeast impart over EC1118, EC1118 may bring the wine to a dryer state but what flavor would it impart over Champagne yeast. Super Yeast Tolerates Heat and Alcohol - Scientific American The strawberry and rhubarb both taste fantastic! Ferments moderately quickly and a good choice for wines with riper berry and spicy character. It had been made about 7 months before we drank it. Low foaming, low sulfur production. Good alcohol tolerance that is useful in producing dry, full-bodied red and white wines. Do you prefer to start by allowing the must to cool to a certain temperature, taking a specific gravity, then adding water until a pre-determined specific gravity is achieved, then adding the yeast?